Reaching for the stars to pursue her passion in quantum space technology

SpeQtral deals with quantum communications. We don’t just build; we also deploy quantum networks, which are systems that transmit information using quantum encryption technology.

Basically, we’re building the foundation of a quantum internet. With the rise of powerful quantum computers, it is only a matter of time before today’s software-based encryptions based on traditional mathematics are surpassed. So, what we are doing is creating a physics-based encryption method, where no matter how powerful the computer and how foreseeably advanced technology becomes, the encryption remains secure.

The products we develop to enable these global quantum networks take two forms and are encryption keys generated using quantum physics. The first being fibre quantum key distribution (QKD). This is where we use fibre optic cables to transmit quantum keys. The second is satellite QKD, which is what I am working on.

As a teenager, Huai Ying was fascinated with space, especially with the idea of launching a rocket into space.

I never imagined that I would end up in such a niche field of work!

During my teenage years, I was more interested in physics but did not know exactly what I wanted to do as a career. So, I decided on mechanical engineering because it would give me the option to specialise in other areas of engineering later on.

While studying at the National University of Singapore (NUS), I joined a nanosatellite research programme because it gave me the opportunity to pursue my interests in space technology (and it sounded cool!). It turned out to be a great learning opportunity as I got the chance to experience hands-on work and even build things like satellite hardware.

For my final-year thesis project, I worked on a small project with the engineering faculty where I developed a prototype for CubeSat propulsion (propulsion mechanism for small satellites). I then stayed on with the research group as a research engineer. Fast forward to a year later, I decided to continue that journey after graduation and work on quantum mechanics at the Centre of Quantum Technologies (CQT), where SpeQtral was spun off from.

Right now, we are focused on two satellite projects scheduled to be launched in 2024. For both these projects, I am mainly involved in the design and manufacturing of the mechanical parts, as well as the integration and testing of the products that will go into these satellites.

At my current job, I work mainly with CubeSats. I find them interesting because they are like modern-day cell phones, which evolved from big satellite phones. In the same way, CubeSats came from large telecommunications satellites that require long, rigorous testing before launch to ensure that they can work in space.

Traditional satellites require about 10 years of development from start to finish, and a lot of money to build. They also have to work for around 15 years in orbit, which is why we run such rigorous testing to ensure that they are reliable. With CubeSats, you are only looking at a three- to five-year development period, so it requires less testing and money. Thus, things move very quickly, which enables us to keep testing new ideas. That keeps me interested.

Huai Ying and the team are working on the first miniaturized entangled photon source built at SpeQtral.

As someone who’s not a trained physicist, it was definitely challenging for me, trying to understand quantum physics in depth. In fact, I started out in a research group in CQT where almost all my team members were physicists. As I studied “classic” physics in school, it was rather challenging for me to understand quantum physics from the get go.

For me, I saw it more as breaking down large, complicated concepts. I picked up that skill through the many different projects I did back in engineering. I would start with a general understanding but will continue to ask the experts and seek to clarify my doubts.

Thankfully, everyone at SpeQtral is extremely helpful and open to discussion; and I’m grateful to be working with team members who willingly support and encourage each other. It makes me feels like I’m not alone.

Huai Ying with the team at SpeQtral. They make it a point to gather for a team lunch monthly.

Don’t be afraid. Quantum communications sounds relatively far-fetched and advanced, and many feel like they need a PhD or 10 years of research experience to work in this field.  In truth, that’s not always the case. Yes, many roles and functions will demand deep research expertise, but most developments in Deep Tech sectors such as quantum computing are interdisciplinary in nature, which mean they also require skills and capabilities from different fields, such as mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, computer science or AI.

Especially as startups try to commercialise their technology, companies will also need professionals with varied skills and experience to support non-technical functions. Depending on the nature of the role, you may not need a background in space or quantum communications.

If you are interested in this industry or are excited for the quantum revolution, don’t be afraid! We welcome anyone to join this industry and contribute to building a quantum future together.

Want to build a career in quantum technology? Learn more about SGInnovate’s talent programmes and how you can equip yourself with the skills and experience needed for jobs in Deep Tech.